Bloodshed Dev-C is a full-featured Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for the C/C programming language. It uses Mingw port of GCC (GNU Compiler Collection) as it's compiler. Dev-C can also be used in combination with Cygwin or any other GCC based compiler.
-->The header files for the Windows API enable you to create 32- and 64-bit applications. They include declarations for both Unicode and ANSI versions of the API. For more information, see Unicode in the Windows API. They use data types that enable you to build both 32- and 64-bit versions of your application from a single source code base. For more information, see Getting Ready for 64-bit Windows. Additional features include Header Annotations and STRICT Type Checking.
Visual C++ and the Windows Header Files
Microsoft Visual C++ includes copies of the Windows header files that were current at the time Visual C++ was released. Therefore, if you install updated header files from an SDK, you may end up with multiple versions of the Windows header files on your computer. If you do not ensure that you are using the latest version of the SDK header files, you will receive the following error code when compiling code that uses features that were introduced after Visual C++ was released: error C2065: undeclared identifier.
Macros for Conditional Declarations
Certain functions that depend on a particular version of Windows are declared using conditional code. This enables you to use the compiler to detect whether your application uses functions that are not supported on its target version(s) of Windows. To compile an application that uses these functions, you must define the appropriate macros. Otherwise, you will receive the C2065 error message.
The Windows header files use macros to indicate which versions of Windows support many programming elements. Therefore, you must define these macros to use new functionality introduced in each major operating system release. (Individual header files may use different macros; therefore, if compilation problems occur, check the header file that contains the definition for conditional definitions.) For more information, see SdkDdkVer.h.
The following table describes the preferred macros used in the Windows header files. If you define NTDDI_VERSION, you must also define _WIN32_WINNT.
Minimum system required | Value for NTDDI_VERSION |
---|---|
Windows 10 1903 '19H1' | NTDDI_WIN10_19H1 (0x0A000007) |
Windows 10 1809 'Redstone 5' | NTDDI_WIN10_RS5 (0x0A000006) |
Windows 10 1803 'Redstone 4' | NTDDI_WIN10_RS4 (0x0A000005) |
Windows 10 1709 'Redstone 3' | NTDDI_WIN10_RS3 (0x0A000004) |
Windows 10 1703 'Redstone 2' | NTDDI_WIN10_RS2 (0x0A000003) |
Windows 10 1607 'Redstone 1' | NTDDI_WIN10_RS1 (0x0A000002) |
Windows 10 1511 'Threshold 2' | NTDDI_WIN10_TH2 (0x0A000001) |
Windows 10 1507 'Threshold' | NTDDI_WIN10 (0x0A000000) |
Windows 8.1 | NTDDI_WINBLUE (0x06030000) |
Windows 8 | NTDDI_WIN8 (0x06020000) |
Windows 7 | NTDDI_WIN7 (0x06010000) |
Windows Server 2008 | NTDDI_WS08 (0x06000100) |
Windows Vista with Service Pack 1 (SP1) | NTDDI_VISTASP1 (0x06000100) |
Windows Vista | NTDDI_VISTA (0x06000000) |
Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 2 (SP2) | NTDDI_WS03SP2 (0x05020200) |
Windows Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 (SP1) | NTDDI_WS03SP1 (0x05020100) |
Windows Server 2003 | NTDDI_WS03 (0x05020000) |
Windows XP with Service Pack 3 (SP3) | NTDDI_WINXPSP3 (0x05010300) |
Windows XP with Service Pack 2 (SP2) | NTDDI_WINXPSP2 (0x05010200) |
Windows XP with Service Pack 1 (SP1) | NTDDI_WINXPSP1 (0x05010100) |
Windows XP | NTDDI_WINXP (0x05010000) |
The following tables describe other macros used in the Windows header files.
Minimum system required | Minimum value for _WIN32_WINNT and WINVER |
---|---|
Windows 10 | _WIN32_WINNT_WIN10 (0x0A00) |
Windows 8.1 | _WIN32_WINNT_WINBLUE (0x0603) |
Windows 8 | _WIN32_WINNT_WIN8 (0x0602) |
Windows 7 | _WIN32_WINNT_WIN7 (0x0601) |
Windows Server 2008 | _WIN32_WINNT_WS08 (0x0600) |
Windows Vista | _WIN32_WINNT_VISTA (0x0600) |
Windows Server 2003 with SP1, Windows XP with SP2 | _WIN32_WINNT_WS03 (0x0502) |
Windows Server 2003, Windows XP | _WIN32_WINNT_WINXP (0x0501) |
Minimum version required | Minimum value of _WIN32_IE |
---|---|
Internet Explorer 11.0 | _WIN32_IE_IE110 (0x0A00) |
Internet Explorer 10.0 | _WIN32_IE_IE100 (0x0A00) |
Internet Explorer 9.0 | _WIN32_IE_IE90 (0x0900) |
Internet Explorer 8.0 | _WIN32_IE_IE80 (0x0800) |
Internet Explorer 7.0 | _WIN32_IE_IE70 (0x0700) |
Internet Explorer 6.0 SP2 | _WIN32_IE_IE60SP2 (0x0603) |
Internet Explorer 6.0 SP1 | _WIN32_IE_IE60SP1 (0x0601) |
Internet Explorer 6.0 | _WIN32_IE_IE60 (0x0600) |
Internet Explorer 5.5 | _WIN32_IE_IE55 (0x0550) |
Internet Explorer 5.01 | _WIN32_IE_IE501 (0x0501) |
Internet Explorer 5.0, 5.0a, 5.0b | _WIN32_IE_IE50 (0x0500) |
Setting WINVER or _WIN32_WINNT
You can define these symbols by using the #define statement in each source file, or by specifying the /D compiler option supported by Visual C++.
Remove little snitch. For example, to set WINVER in your source file, use the following statement:
![Hevc Hevc](/uploads/1/2/6/0/126068129/608855637.jpg)
#define WINVER 0x0502
To set _WIN32_WINNT in your source file, use the following statement:
#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0502
To set _WIN32_WINNT using the /D compiler option, use the following command:
cl -c /D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0502source.cpp
For information on using the /D compiler option, see /D (preprocessor definitions).
Note that some features introduced in the latest version of Windows may be added to a service pack for a previous version of Windows. Therefore, to target a service pack, you may need to define _WIN32_WINNT with the value for the next major operating system release. For example, the GetDllDirectory function was introduced in Windows Server 2003 and is conditionally defined if _WIN32_WINNT is 0x0502 or greater. This function was also added to Windows XP with SP1. Therefore, if you were to define _WIN32_WINNT as 0x0501 to target Windows XP, you would miss features that are defined in Windows XP with SP1.
Controlling Structure Packing
Projects should be compiled to use the default structure packing, which is currently 8 bytes because the largest integral type is 8 bytes. Doing so ensures that all structure types within the header files are compiled into the application with the same alignment the Windows API expects. It also ensures that structures with 8-byte values are properly aligned and will not cause alignment faults on processors that enforce data alignment.
For more information, see /Zp (struct member alignment) or pack.
Faster Builds with Smaller Header Files
You can reduce the size of the Windows header files by excluding some of the less common API declarations as follows:
- Define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN to exclude APIs such as Cryptography, DDE, RPC, Shell, and Windows Sockets.
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
- Define one or more of the NOapi symbols to exclude the API. For example, NOCOMM excludes the serial communication API. For a list of support NOapi symbols, see Windows.h.
#define NOCOMM
Related topics
-->If you haven't downloaded and installed Visual Studio and the Visual C++ tools yet, here's how to get started.
Visual Studio 2019 Installation
Welcome to Visual Studio 2019! In this version, it's easy to choose and install just the features you need. And because of its reduced minimum footprint, it installs quickly and with less system impact.
Note
This topic applies to installation of Visual Studio on Windows. Visual Studio Code is a lightweight, cross-platform development environment that runs on Windows, Mac, and Linux systems. The Microsoft C/C++ for Visual Studio Code extension supports IntelliSense, debugging, code formatting, auto-completion. Visual Studio for Mac doesn't support Microsoft C++, but does support .NET languages and cross-platform development. For installation instructions, see Install Visual Studio for Mac.
Want to know more about what else is new in this version? See the Visual Studio release notes.
Ready to install? We'll walk you through it, step-by-step.
Step 1 - Make sure your computer is ready for Visual Studio
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Before you begin installing Visual Studio:
- Check the system requirements. These requirements help you know whether your computer supports Visual Studio 2019.
- Apply the latest Windows updates. These updates ensure that your computer has both the latest security updates and the required system components for Visual Studio.
- Reboot. The reboot ensures that any pending installs or updates don't hinder the Visual Studio install.
- Free up space. Remove unneeded files and applications from your %SystemDrive% by, for example, running the Disk Cleanup app.
For questions about running previous versions of Visual Studio side by side with Visual Studio 2019, see the Visual Studio 2019 Platform Targeting and Compatibility page.
Step 2 - Download Visual Studio
Next, download the Visual Studio bootstrapper file. To do so, choose the following button, choose the edition of Visual Studio that you want, choose Save, and then choose Open folder.
Step 3 - Install the Visual Studio installer
Run the bootstrapper file to install the Visual Studio Installer. This new lightweight installer includes everything you need to both install and customize Visual Studio.
- From your Downloads folder, double-click the bootstrapper that matches or is similar to one of the following files:
- vs_community.exe for Visual Studio Community
- vs_professional.exe for Visual Studio Professional
- vs_enterprise.exe for Visual Studio Enterprise
Vst host download. If you receive a User Account Control notice, choose Yes. - We'll ask you to acknowledge the Microsoft License Terms and the Microsoft Privacy Statement. Choose Continue.
Step 4 - Choose workloads
After the installer is installed, you can use it to customize your installation by selecting the workloads, or feature sets, that you want. Here's how.
- Find the workload you want in the Installing Visual Studio screen.For core C++ support, choose the 'Desktop development with C++' workload. It comes with the default core editor, which includes basic code editing support for over 20 languages, the ability to open and edit code from any folder without requiring a project, and integrated source code control.Additional workloads support other kinds of C++ development. For example, choose the 'Universal Windows Platform development' workload to create apps that use the Windows Runtime for the Microsoft Store. Choose 'Game development with C++' to create games that use DirectX, Unreal, and Cocos2d. Choose 'Linux development with C++' to target Linux platforms, including IoT development.The Installation details pane lists the included and optional components installed by each workload. You can select or deselect optional components in this list. For example, to support development by using the Visual Studio 2017 or 2015 compiler toolsets, choose the MSVC v141 or MSVC v140 optional components. You can add support for MFC, the experimental Modules language extension, IncrediBuild, and more.
- After you choose the workload(s) and optional components you want, choose Install.Next, status screens appear that show the progress of your Visual Studio installation.
Tip
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At any time after installation, you can install workloads or components that you didn't install initially. If you have Visual Studio open, go to Tools > Get Tools and Features.. which opens the Visual Studio Installer. Or, open Visual Studio Installer from the Start menu. From there, you can choose the workloads or components that you wish to install. Then, choose Modify.
Step 5 - Choose individual components (Optional)
If you don't want to use the Workloads feature to customize your Visual Studio installation, or you want to add more components than a workload installs, you can do so by installing or adding individual components from the Individual components tab. Choose what you want, and then follow the prompts.
Step 6 - Install language packs (Optional)
By default, the installer program tries to match the language of the operating system when it runs for the first time. To install Visual Studio in a language of your choosing, choose the Language packs tab from the Visual Studio Installer, and then follow the prompts.
Change the installer language from the command line
Another way that you can change the default language is by running the installer from the command line. For example, you can force the installer to run in English by using the following command:
vs_installer.exe --locale en-US
. The installer will remember this setting when it's run the next time. The installer supports the following language tokens: zh-cn, zh-tw, cs-cz, en-us, es-es, fr-fr, de-de, it-it, ja-jp, ko-kr, pl-pl, pt-br, ru-ru, and tr-tr.Step 7 - Change the installation location (Optional)
You can reduce the installation footprint of Visual Studio on your system drive. You can choose to move the download cache, shared components, SDKs, and tools to different drives, and keep Visual Studio on the drive that runs it the fastest.
Important
You can select a different drive only when you first install Visual Studio. If you've already installed it and want to change drives, you must uninstall Visual Studio and then reinstall it.
Step 8 - Start developing
- After Visual Studio installation is complete, choose the Launch button to get started developing with Visual Studio.
- On the start window, choose Create a new project.
- In the search box, enter the type of app you want to create to see a list of available templates. The list of templates depends on the workload(s) that you chose during installation. To see different templates, choose different workloads.You can also filter your search for a specific programming language by using the Language drop-down list. You can filter by using the Platform list and the Project type list, too.
- Visual Studio opens your new project, and you're ready to code!
Visual Studio 2017 Installation
In Visual Studio 2017, it's easy to choose and install just the features you need. And because of its reduced minimum footprint, it installs quickly and with less system impact.
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Prerequisites
- A broadband internet connection. The Visual Studio installer can download several gigabytes of data.
- A computer that runs Microsoft Windows 7 or later versions. We recommend Windows 10 for the best development experience. Make sure that the latest updates are applied to your system before you install Visual Studio.
- Enough free disk space. Visual Studio requires at least 7 GB of disk space, and can take 50 GB or more if many common options are installed. We recommend you install it on your C: drive.
For details on the disk space and operating system requirements, see Visual Studio Product Family System Requirements. The installer reports how much disk space is required for the options you select.
Download and install
- Download the latest Visual Studio 2017 installer for Windows.TipThe Community edition is for individual developers, classroom learning, academic research, and open source development. For other uses, install Visual Studio 2017 Professional or Visual Studio 2017 Enterprise.
- Find the installer file you downloaded and run it. It may be displayed in your browser, or you may find it in your Downloads folder. The installer needs Administrator privileges to run. You may see a User Account Control dialog asking you to give permission to let the installer make changes to your system; choose Yes. If you're having trouble, find the downloaded file in File Explorer, right-click on the installer icon, and choose Run as Administrator from the context menu.
- The installer presents you with a list of workloads, which are groups of related options for specific development areas. Support for C++ is now part of optional workloads that aren't installed by default.For C++, select the Desktop development with C++ workload and then choose Install.
- When the installation completes, choose the Launch button to start Visual Studio.The first time you run Visual Studio, you're asked to sign in with a Microsoft Account. If you don't have one, you can create one for free. You must also choose a theme. Don't worry, you can change it later if you want to.It may take Visual Studio several minutes to get ready for use the first time you run it. Here's what it looks like in a quick time-lapse:Visual Studio starts much faster when you run it again.
- When Visual Studio opens, check to see if the flag icon in the title bar is highlighted:If it's highlighted, select it to open the Notifications window. If there are any updates available for Visual Studio, we recommend you install them now. Once the installation is complete, restart Visual Studio.
Visual Studio 2015 Installation
To install Visual Studio 2015, go to Download older versions of Visual Studio. Run the setup program and choose Custom installation and then choose the C++ component. To add C++ support to an existing Visual Studio 2015 installation, click on the Windows Start button and type Add Remove Programs. Open the program from the results list and then find your Visual Studio 2015 installation in the list of installed programs. Double-click it, then choose Modify and select the Visual C++ components to install.
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In general, we highly recommend that you use Visual Studio 2017 even if you need to compile your code using the Visual Studio 2015 compiler. For more information, see Use native multi-targeting in Visual Studio to build old projects.
When Visual Studio is running, you're ready to continue to the next step.